Google doesn`t recognize this duplicate content

Selected answers from the Dumb SEO Questions Facebook & G+ community.

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  Richard Hearne: >> apparently google doesn`t recognize this duplicate content, unfortunately... (can i report this somewhere?) he`s running payed ads.
  
  Do you understand that duplicate content has no bearing whatsoever for paid search?
  
  >> when searching for "good keyword" the top domain is www.good-synonym.com instead of www.good-keyword.com which is redirecting to www.company-name.com.
  
  Google will almost never rank a domain which is redirected unless the query is navigational and the redirect is temporary.
  
  >> iappears like 15 ranks later despite being redirected from the exact keyword url...
  
  Search results are not based on domain names, unless the query happens to be navigational. Even then, redirecting keyword domains to your site is unlikely to have any bearing on the outcome unless some fairly strict criteria are matched.
  
  >> is there a way i can take advantage of owning www.good-keyword.com and www.goodsynonym.com to get a higher ranking?
  
  Most likely not. Google doesn`t generally base rankings on domain names, and simply redirecting domains will have no relevance all other things equal.
  
  I suggest you try learning some basics about SEO - e.g. try the Moz Starter Guide.
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  Guile Power: "Do you understand that duplicate content has no bearing whatsoever for paid search?"
  
  well, when hitting the keyword there is first his payed ad. than comes his organic result for the domain he`s advertising followed by 2 foreign pages and than another organic result for his duplicate content page. 2 of the top 5 organic results are his domains without caring for any seo. i don`t get it.
  
  "Google will almost never rank a domain which is redirected unless the query is navigational and the redirect is temporary."
  
  i don`t want www.good-keyword.com to rank, i want www.my-company.com to rank. i thought indicating that the redirection page contains the keyword would by useful for google. apparently i`m wrong.
  
  "...unless some fairly strict criteria are matched."
  
  what are the criterias?
  
  "I suggest you try learning some basics about SEO"
  
  that`s why i`m here ;) thanks you so far :)
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  Ryan Jones: Duplicate content isn`t a "penalty" or a bad thing. It just means some pages might been seen as less relevant in some circumstances. I say some because if you`re searching for say the text of the bill of rights then you`d expect every site to have "duplicate content"
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  Guile Power: yeah i get this so far but the site is obviously duplicate. it`s not about some textpassages... it`s everything just slightly different like theme slightly changed, menu orders changed, same words just added a "s", another phonenumber, same contact, same images, same colors, same logo... it`s absolutely not conform with the webmaster guidelines, still both sites are ranking higher than other pages. i feel it`s not the way it should work isn`t it?
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  Michael Martinez: Guile Power If you have a Google Search Console account you can file a spam report through that. Based only on how you describe the situation here, I doubt Google would take any action.